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Acne is a chronic skin condition that affects up to 50 million Americans annually. It typically appears on your face, neck, chest, back, and shoulders. Acne occurs when tiny follicles on your body become plugged. These follicles are connected to oil glands that secrete an oily substance (called sebum) to lubricate your hair and skin. When these follicles become plugged with oil and dead skin cells, acne can develop.
Acne usually begins in puberty when hormones change, but it can also occur at any stage of life. In most cases, acne can be controlled with self-care and over-the-counter acne medicines. In some cases, you may be referred to a dermatologist for treatment.
Acne commonly appears on the face and shoulders. It may also occur on other parts of the body include the arms, legs, and buttocks. Symptoms of acne include the following:
Contact your healthcare provider if:
There are several factors that may cause acne. The most common cause of acne is when tiny follicles on the surface of the skin become clogged. Acne is most common in teenagers, but anyone can get acne, even babies. Other causes of acne may include:
A health care provider evaluating your skin usually diagnoses acne. Testing is not needed in most cases. A bacterial culture may be performed to rule out infections. In severe cases, you may be referred to a dermatologist.
Treatment for acne generally begins with self-care. Options to manage acne include:
If self-care treatments are not working, your physician may recommend the following options:
Most people respond well to treatment after several weeks, but the acne may flare up from time to time.
There are several steps you can take to prevent acne: